Articles

Article 0 : Why Solve The Universe?

This foundational article challenges the misconception that all scientific problems are resolved, emphasizing persistent unknowns in physics and the need for theoretical unification. It highlights misconceptions, such as the belief that gravity (via general relativity) and brain function are fully understood, despite unresolved issues like quantum gravity, consciousness, and conflicts between general relativity and quantum mechanics. Key unsolved problems in physics include quantum gravity, dark matter and dark energy, matter-antimatter asymmetry, the arrow of time, and the black hole information paradox. The article advocates for unification of theories to explain all forces and events like the Big Bang, potentially enabling advancements in technology and understanding. The platform www.solvetheuniverse.com aims to foster collaboration and dialogue to address these gaps, using resources like AI and mathematical models, with the goal of achieving a complete theory of the universe.

Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Illustrating the vast unknowns of the universe.

PBT Article 01 : Realizing the Absurdity of Pull Gravity

This article details the author's epiphany regarding the conventional notion of gravity as a "pulling" force, arguing that it is absurd because natural pulling mechanisms require physical connections (e.g., ropes or hooks), which gravity lacks. Triggered by a personal anecdote of mowing the lawn and observing grass clippings fall to the ground, the author questions how Earth "pulls" objects without any visible anchor or latch. Instead, the piece proposes gravity as a "pushing" force, akin to air or water pressure directing objects toward the center of a sphere, using examples like bubble formation in fluids. The author explores historical support for "push gravity," referencing Walter Wright's 1979 book Gravity Is a Push, Albert Einstein's early considerations of mechanical gravity explanations (though he later focused on spacetime curvature in general relativity), and Georges-Louis Le Sage's 18th-century particle-stream theory. The conclusion expresses enthusiasm for further exploration of push gravity in unification theories, emphasizing the philosophical absurdity of traditional pull-based models.

Conceptual illustration of push gravity mechanics.

PBT Article 02 : Embracing Infinity: Key to Understanding the Universe

This article advocates for embracing infinity as crucial to comprehending the universe, spanning mathematical and physical domains. It outlines three mathematical proofs: Euclid's demonstration of infinite primes, Cantor's diagonal argument showing the uncountable infinity of real numbers, and Dedekind's concept where infinite sets match the cardinality of their subsets (illustrated by Hilbert's infinite hotel paradox). These highlight infinity's role in resolving paradoxes and enabling tools like calculus. Physically, infinity manifests in the universe's potentially boundless space (supported by flat geometry observations), infinite divisibility of space (beyond quantum limits like the Planck length), and eternal time in models such as eternal inflation. The piece discusses fractals and cosmic structures (e.g., from the Hubble Ultra Deep Field) as examples of infinity's tangible presence, urging readers to overcome human biases toward finite limits for deeper insights into space-time and quantum realities. The conclusion posits infinity as both intuitively simple and profoundly challenging, essential for solving cosmic mysteries across scales.

Translation of the Latin text: "I suppose at the outset (following Bonaventura Cavalieri's Geometry of Indivisibles) that any plane is as it were made up of infinitely many parallel lines: Or rather (which I would prefer) of infinitely many parallelograms of equal height; of which indeed the height of each single one is of the total height 1/∞, or a part infinitely small; (for let ∞ be the symbol of an infinite number;) and thus the altitude of all together equal to the altitude of the figure."

PBT Article 03 : Push-Pressure Theory: A Mechanical Approach to Unifying Fundamental Forces

Push-Pressure Theory (PBT), as outlined in the article, presents a mechanical framework for unifying fundamental forces by treating the universe as an infinite pressure vessel filled with infinitely small particles moving at infinite speeds, creating push forces through shadowing. The theory is developed across three key sections: Infinite Push-Pressure Theory, which models bodies as low-density bubbles balanced against external pressures and derives the gravitational constant G, aligning with observed values and explaining galactic rotation curves without dark matter; Hybrid Push-Aether Theory for Relativistic Unification, which incorporates a dynamical Einstein-aether field to achieve Lorentz invariance, unifying forces in a relativistic context with predictions for gravitational wave frame effects; and Hybrid Push-Aether Theory for Electromagnetic Forces, which mechanically derives magnetic and electromagnetic interactions, such as the Lorentz force, without photons, and predicts anisotropies in superconductors. The theory addresses classical objections like heating and drag through infinite-speed jumps and elastic bounces, and its significance lies in providing a testable, falsifiable alternative to standard models, potentially resolving issues like singularities and dark matter, with empirical validation possible through astronomical surveys and experiments like LIGO or LHC.

 

Le Sage's Illustration: Particle shadowing explaining gravity as a push force.